ETF

Full form: Exchange Traded Fund

Investments

An ETF is a mutual fund that trades on a stock exchange like a regular share. Tracks an index (Nifty 50 ETF, Gold ETF, Bharat Bond ETF) and can be bought/sold throughout the trading day at market prices, unlike regular mutual funds that transact only at end-of-day NAV.

In detail

ETF vs Index Mutual Fund:nETF: need demat account, trades on exchange, real-time pricing, usually lower TER (0.03-0.07% for top ETFs vs 0.1-0.2% for index funds)nIndex MF: no demat needed, transact at NAV, can set up SIP easily, no bid-ask spreadnnPopular Indian ETFs:nNifty 50 ETF: Nippon BeES (0.04%), SBI ETF (0.07%)nGold ETF: SBI Gold (0.50%)nBharat Bond ETF: AAA-rated PSU bonds, 3-11 year maturitiesnLiquid ETF: Nippon ETF Liquid BeES, daily dividend reinvestmentnnFor most retail SIP investors: index mutual fund is more practical. For lumpsum or short-term: ETF has lower costs.

Formula

ETF real return = Index return - TER - Bid-ask spread cost

Real-life example

🇮🇳 India example

Anand invests Rs 5L in Nifty 50 ETF (NIPPON BeES). TER 0.04%. At 5-year index return of 13%: net 12.96%. Same investment in an index mutual fund (TER 0.1%): 12.9%. ETF gives Rs 3,000 more on Rs 5L over 5 years -- marginal but adds up on large corpus.

Frequently asked questions

Can I do SIP in ETFs?
SIP in ETFs is technically possible through some brokers (Zerodha, HDFC Securities) but less convenient than mutual fund SIP. You buy whole units at market price, minimum is one unit price (Rs 150-2500 depending on ETF). For regular SIP: index mutual fund is more practical.